I

Income Fund – A fund designed to generate regular income.
Income Stock – A stock known for consistent dividend payments.
Index – A measure tracking the performance of a group of assets.
Index Fund – A fund designed to replicate a market index.
Inflation Risk – The risk that rising prices erode real returns.
Initial Coin Offering (ICO) – Cryptocurrency-based fundraising using tokens.
Initial Public Offering (IPO) – A company’s first sale of shares to the public.
Insider Trading – Illegal trading based on non-public information.
Interest Rate Risk – The risk of value changes due to interest rate movements.
Intrinsic Value – An estimate of an asset’s true value.
Investment Grade – A credit rating indicating low default risk.

J

J-Curve – A return pattern that dips before improving.
Japanese Candlestick – A charting method showing price movements.
Jobless Claims – Data measuring unemployment benefit filings.
Joint Account – An account shared by multiple individuals.
Joint Tenancy – Shared ownership with survivorship rights.
Joint Venture – A partnership formed for a specific business purpose.
Junior Debt – Debt repaid after senior obligations.
Junk Bond – A high-risk, high-yield bond.
Jurisdiction Risk – Risk related to legal and regulatory environments.
Just-In-Time (JIT) – Inventory strategy minimizing storage costs.

K

Kagi Chart – A technical charting method that highlights price direction and trend changes while ignoring fixed time intervals.
Key Performance Indicator (KPI) – A quantifiable metric used to measure how successfully a company meets its strategic or operational goals.
Key Rate Duration – A bond risk measure that estimates price sensitivity to interest rate changes at specific points along the yield curve.
Kicker – An added incentive in a financial deal, such as equity participation or warrants, designed to enhance investor returns.
Knock-In Option – A barrier option that only becomes active once the underlying asset reaches a predetermined price level.
Knock-Out Option – A barrier option that terminates automatically if the underlying asset hits a specified price threshold.
Knowledge Capital – Intangible assets like intellectual property, expertise, and innovation that drive long-term competitive advantage.
Knowledge Economy – An economic system where growth is fueled primarily by information, innovation, and intellectual capabilities.
Know Your Customer (KYC) – Regulations requiring client identity verification.
K-1 (Schedule K-1) – A tax form that reports an individual’s share of income, losses, deductions, and credits from partnerships, S-corporations, or certain trusts.

L

Laddering – Spreading investments across multiple maturities.
Large-Cap Stock – Shares of companies with large market capitalization.
Last Trading Day – The final date on which a futures or options contract can be traded before expiration.
Leaseback – A transaction where a company sells an asset and immediately leases it back, retaining usage while freeing capital.
Leverage – Using borrowed funds to amplify returns or losses.
Liability – A financial obligation owed by an entity.
Limit Order – An order executed only at a specified price.
Listed Security – A financial instrument approved for trading on an established stock exchange. Liquidity – How easily an asset can be converted to cash.
Load Fund – A mutual fund that charges a sales commission at purchase or redemption.
Long Position – Ownership of a security based on the expectation that its price will rise.